Indian Penal Code, 1860
Section 294
repealedObscene acts and songs
Whoever, to the annoyance of others: does any obscene act in any public place, or sings, recites or utters any obscene song, ballad or words, in or near any public place, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three months, or with fine, or with both.
Why this exists
Public spaces are shared by people of all ages and backgrounds, and this section protects the public from being confronted with obscene conduct or language against their will. It requires that the act cause annoyance to others, focusing on protecting public order and decency rather than policing private behaviour. Under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, this offence continues under a renumbered section.