Practice paper — Constitution Part II — Citizenship

1.Under Article 5, which condition is expressly required in addition to one of clauses (a), (b) or (c) for a person to be a citizen at the commencement of the Constitution?

• (A) Domicile in the territory of India
• (B) Being born in the territory of India
• (C) Having been ordinarily resident for five years
• (D) Either parent having been born in the territory of India

2.Which of the following is NOT listed as a ground for citizenship in Article 5 at the commencement of the Constitution?

• (A) Person born in the territory of India
• (B) Person either of whose parents was born in the territory of India
• (C) Person ordinarily resident in the territory of India for not less than five years immediately preceding such commencement
• (D) Naturalisation by Parliament

3.A person whose father was born in the territory of India and who had his domicile in the territory of India at the commencement — is that person a citizen under Article 5?

• (A) No, not a citizen
• (B) Yes, a citizen
• (C) Only if the mother was also born in India
• (D) Only if the person had been ordinarily resident for five years immediately preceding commencement

4.Which description correctly matches clause (c) of Article 5?

• (A) Having been ordinarily resident in India for a total of five years at any time before commencement
• (B) Having been ordinarily resident for five years but with a break in the year immediately before commencement
• (C) Having been ordinarily resident in the territory of India for not less than five years immediately preceding such commencement
• (D) Having been ordinarily resident for more than five years but not during the period immediately preceding commencement

5.The phrase in clause (b) "either of whose parents was born in the territory of India" should be understood to mean:

• (A) Exactly one parent must have been born in India (not both)
• (B) At least one of the person's parents was born in India
• (C) Both parents must have been born in India
• (D) The person themselves must have been born in India

6.Under Article 6, which of the following birth-place relationships satisfies the requirement in clause (a) for a person who migrated from the territory now included in Pakistan to be deemed a citizen?

• (A) Only his parents must have been born in India.
• (B) He or either of his parents or any of his grandparents was born in India.
• (C) Only he himself must have been born in India.
• (D) Either he or one of his siblings must have been born in India.

7.According to Article 6(b)(i), what must a person who migrated to India before 19 July 1948 satisfy to be deemed a citizen at the commencement of the Constitution?

• (A) He must have been registered as a citizen by an officer before the commencement of the Constitution.
• (B) He must have been resident in India for at least six months immediately preceding application.
• (C) He must have been ordinarily resident in the territory of India since the date of his migration.
• (D) He must have been born in India as defined in the Government of India Act, 1935.

8.A person migrated to India on 1 August 1948. Under Article 6(b)(ii) and its proviso, which of the following combinations of conditions must be satisfied for him to be deemed a citizen at the commencement?

• (A) Registration by an officer before the commencement of the Constitution; six months' residence is not required.
• (B) Registration by an officer on an application before commencement, but the six months' residence condition applies only to those who migrated before 19 July 1948.
• (C) Only six months' residence immediately preceding the application is required; registration is optional.
• (D) He must be registered as a citizen by an officer on an application made before the commencement in the prescribed form and manner, and he must have been resident in India for at least six months immediately preceding his application.

9.Can a person who migrated to India before 19 July 1948 be deemed a citizen by relying on the registration procedure in clause (b)(ii)?

• (A) No — clause (b)(ii) registration applies only to persons who migrated on or after 19 July 1948.
• (B) Yes — anyone who migrated before 19 July 1948 can be registered under clause (b)(ii).
• (C) Yes — but only if they have been ordinarily resident since migration.
• (D) No — migrants before 19 July 1948 are automatically excluded from citizenship.

10.Does the proviso requiring at least six months' residence immediately preceding the date of application apply to persons who migrated before 19 July 1948 under clause (b)(i)?

• (A) Yes; every migrant must have been resident for at least six months immediately preceding the date of his application.
• (B) Yes; migrants before 19 July 1948 must also satisfy the six‑month residence before their application.
• (C) No; the six‑month residence proviso applies to persons being registered (clause (b)(ii)), i.e., those who migrated on or after 19 July 1948.
• (D) No; the six‑month requirement applies only to migrants who were born outside India.

11.Under Article 7 of the Constitution, a person who migrated from the territory of India to the territory now included in Pakistan after which date shall not be deemed to be a citizen of India?

• (A) 1st March, 1947
• (B) 15th August, 1947
• (C) 19th July, 1948
• (D) 26th January, 1950

12.Which of the following correctly states the relationship between Article 7 and Articles 5 and 6?

• (A) Article 7 supplements Articles 5 and 6 and applies only where they are silent
• (B) Article 7 is subordinate to Articles 5 and 6
• (C) Article 7 applies notwithstanding anything in Articles 5 and 6
• (D) Article 7 applies only after Article 6 has been satisfied

13.A person migrated from India to the territory now included in Pakistan after 1 March 1947 and later returned to India without any permit for resettlement or permanent return. Under Article 7, what is that person's status as a citizen of India?

• (A) They are deemed to be a citizen of India
• (B) They shall not be deemed to be a citizen of India
• (C) They are deemed to have migrated to India after 19 July 1948 for the purposes of Article 6(b)
• (D) They become a citizen only if they return before 19 July 1948

14.If a person migrated to the territory now included in Pakistan after 1 March 1947 and subsequently returned to India under a permit for resettlement or permanent return issued by or under the authority of any law, for the purposes of clause (b) of Article 6 they shall be deemed to have migrated to India after which date?

• (A) 1st March, 1947
• (B) 15th August, 1947
• (C) 26th January, 1950
• (D) 19th July, 1948

15.Which statement best describes the legal effect of the proviso in Article 7?

• (A) The proviso itself confers Indian citizenship on returnees who came back under a permit
• (B) The proviso excludes such returnees from the operation of Article 7 and deems them, for Article 6(b) purposes, to have migrated to India after 19 July 1948
• (C) The proviso has no effect and Article 7 continues to bar returnees from citizenship
• (D) The proviso deems returnees to have migrated to India before 1 March 1947

16.Which of the following is a required condition under Article 8 for a person of Indian origin residing outside India to be deemed a citizen of India?

• (A) He must have been born in India.
• (B) He must be ordinarily residing in a country outside India and registered by the diplomatic or consular representative of India.
• (C) He must be married to an Indian citizen.
• (D) He must be ordinarily residing in India for at least five years.

17.If any of a person's grandparents was born in India as defined in the Government of India Act, 1935, when does Article 8 deem that person to be a citizen of India?

• (A) If he is ordinarily residing outside India and has been registered as a citizen by the diplomatic or consular representative of India.
• (B) Only if he himself was born in India.
• (C) Only if both his parents were born in India.
• (D) If he is ordinarily residing in India and applies to the diplomatic representative abroad.

18.Does Article 8 permit registration as a citizen whether the registration was made before or after the commencement of the Constitution?

• (A) Registration is valid only if done before commencement of the Constitution.
• (B) Registration is valid only if done after commencement of the Constitution.
• (C) Registration is valid whether made before or after commencement of the Constitution.
• (D) Registration is not permitted at any time under Article 8.

19.Can a person who is ordinarily residing in India be deemed a citizen under Article 8 by registration with a diplomatic or consular representative?

• (A) Yes — Article 8 applies to persons ordinarily residing in India who register abroad.
• (B) Yes — if either parent or any grandparent was born in India, residence inside India does not matter.
• (C) Yes — if registered in the form and manner prescribed by the Government of India.
• (D) No — Article 8 applies only to persons 'ordinarily residing in any country outside India' as so defined.

20.What is the correct legal effect of the opening phrase "Notwithstanding anything in article 5" in Article 8?

• (A) Article 8 applies even if Article 5 would otherwise affect or prevent the deeming of citizenship in the cases covered by Article 8.
• (B) Article 8 is limited to cases where Article 5 permits citizenship; it does not override Article 5.
• (C) Article 5 and Article 8 must both be satisfied simultaneously for citizenship to be deemed under Article 8.
• (D) Article 8 repeals Article 5 in respect of all citizenship matters.

21.According to Article 9 of the Constitution, what is the immediate legal effect when a person voluntarily acquires the citizenship of a foreign State?

• (A) They shall not be a citizen of India by virtue of article 5, nor deemed a citizen by virtue of articles 6 or 8.
• (B) They must formally renounce Indian citizenship in a declaration to lose Indian citizenship.
• (C) They retain Indian citizenship but lose certain political rights automatically.
• (D) They remain Indian citizens unless a court orders otherwise.

22.Which of the following situations falls within the scope of Article 9?

• (A) A person who has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign State.
• (B) A person who has involuntarily acquired foreign citizenship by operation of foreign law.
• (C) Any person born outside India to Indian parents.
• (D) All persons who hold any foreign travel document while residing abroad.

23.A person who was a citizen of India by virtue of Article 5 later voluntarily acquires foreign citizenship. Under Article 9, which of the following is correct?

• (A) They shall not be a citizen of India by virtue of Article 5 after voluntarily acquiring foreign citizenship.
• (B) They continue to be a citizen by virtue of Article 5 until they renounce it formally in India.
• (C) They become deemed a citizen by virtue of Article 6 instead.
• (D) Article 9 has no effect on Article 5 citizenship.

24.Does Article 9 apply to a person who acquires foreign citizenship involuntarily (i.e., not by their voluntary act)?

• (A) Yes — it applies to any acquisition of foreign citizenship.
• (B) No — it applies only to voluntary acquisition of foreign citizenship.
• (C) Only if the person subsequently uses foreign citizenship to obtain benefits abroad.
• (D) Only if the Government of India issues a notification declaring it applies.

25.Which of the following most accurately restates the exact coverage of Article 9?

• (A) It prevents persons who have voluntarily acquired foreign citizenship from being citizens by virtue of Article 5 or deemed citizens by virtue of Articles 6 or 8.
• (B) It strips all former Indian citizens of citizenship whenever they acquire any foreign citizenship, whether voluntary or not.
• (C) It applies only to people who acquired foreign citizenship after the commencement of the Constitution.
• (D) It also applies to persons deemed citizens under Article 7 in addition to Articles 5, 6 and 8.

26.What is the primary effect of Article 10 of the Constitution of India (Continuance of the rights of citizenship)?

• (A) It grants Parliament exclusive power to create new citizens.
• (B) It provides that every person who is or is deemed to be a citizen under the foregoing provisions shall continue to be such citizen, subject to any law made by Parliament.
• (C) It authorises the President to confer citizenship by order.
• (D) It abolishes citizenship for persons covered by the foregoing provisions.

27.According to Article 10, the continuation of citizenship is expressly made subject to which authority?

• (A) Law that may be made by Parliament
• (B) Law that may be made by State Legislatures
• (C) Orders of the President
• (D) Decisions of international treaties

28.If a person is 'deemed to be a citizen' under the foregoing provisions of Part II, what does Article 10 imply about their citizenship status?

• (A) They automatically lose citizenship on enactment of any new law.
• (B) They shall continue to be citizens, but their continuance is subject to any law Parliament may make.
• (C) Only the Supreme Court may change their citizenship status.
• (D) Their citizenship is determined by state governments.

29.Which of the following correctly states the limitation placed by Article 10 on the continuance of citizenship?

• (A) Persons covered are permanently immune from any law altering citizenship.
• (B) Persons must be re-naturalised by Parliament to continue as citizens.
• (C) Persons continue as citizens and only the President can alter that status.
• (D) Persons who are or are deemed to be citizens shall continue to be such citizens, but this continuance is subject to any law that Parliament may make.

30.Which statement best captures the legal character of Article 10 (a tricky distinction)?

• (A) Article 10 itself creates citizenship for persons not otherwise citizens under the Constitution.
• (B) Article 10 forbids Parliament from ever making laws that affect citizenship continuance.
• (C) Article 10 vests exclusive power in state legislatures to determine continuance of citizenship.
• (D) Article 10 preserves that persons who are or are deemed to be citizens under the foregoing provisions shall continue to be such citizens, but this continuance is subject to laws Parliament may make (it is a preservative provision, not the source of citizenship).

31.What power does Article 11 of the Constitution of India reserve to Parliament?

• (A) The power to make provision regarding acquisition, termination and all other matters relating to citizenship.
• (B) The power to determine fundamental rights of citizens.
• (C) The power to regulate subjects in the State List.
• (D) The power to amend the Constitution without restriction.

32.According to Article 11, may Parliament make laws about termination of citizenship despite other provisions in this Part of the Constitution?

• (A) No — other provisions of this Part override Parliament's power on termination of citizenship.
• (B) Only by a constitutional amendment.
• (C) Yes — nothing in the foregoing provisions of this Part shall derogate from Parliament's power to make provision with respect to the acquisition and termination of citizenship.
• (D) Only with the concurrence of state legislatures.

33.Does Article 11 permit Parliament to legislate on matters of citizenship other than acquisition and termination?

• (A) No — it is limited only to acquisition and termination of citizenship.
• (B) Yes — it expressly allows Parliament to make provision with respect to "all other matters relating to citizenship."
• (C) Only for matters already specified elsewhere in the Constitution.
• (D) Only when directed by the President.

34.Which of the following best describes the effect of the phrase "Nothing in the foregoing provisions of this Part shall derogate from the power of Parliament..."?

• (A) It abolishes the other provisions of this Part.
• (B) It transfers legislative power on citizenship to the states.
• (C) It makes Parliament's power subordinate to the foregoing provisions.
• (D) It prevents the foregoing provisions from reducing or taking away Parliament's power to make laws on citizenship.

35.Does Article 11 explicitly state that Parliament's authority over citizenship is exclusive and that no other authority may legislate on citizenship?

• (A) Yes — it expressly declares exclusive authority of Parliament.
• (B) No — it preserves Parliament's power but does not expressly state exclusivity or prohibit others from acting.
• (C) Yes — it transfers the power from the states to the President.
• (D) No — it requires joint legislation by Parliament and state legislatures for citizenship matters.