Practice paper — BNSS Chapter XXXV — Provisions As To Bail And Bonds

1.Under Section 478(1) of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, when must a person (other than a person accused of a non‑bailable offence) be released on bail?

• (A) When arrested or detained without warrant by the officer‑in‑charge, or appears/is brought before a Court and is prepared at any time while in custody or at any stage of the proceeding to give bail.
• (B) Only when arrested with a warrant and produced before a Magistrate.
• (C) Only if formally charged and the trial has commenced.
• (D) Only after the Court records reasons for granting bail in writing.

2.If a person is indigent and unable to furnish surety, what alternative does the officer or Court have under Section 478(1)?

• (A) Release the person without any bond or undertaking.
• (B) Discharge the person on his executing a bond for his appearance instead of taking a bail bond.
• (C) Remand the person until a surety is procured.
• (D) Require payment of cash bail only.

3.A person previously failed to attend at the time and place required by his bail bond. On a later occasion in the same case he is brought before the Court in custody. What may the Court do under Section 478(2)?

• (A) The Court must refuse to release him on bail.
• (B) The Court must release him on bail if he requests it.
• (C) The Court cannot consider past non‑compliance when deciding bail.
• (D) The Court may refuse to release him on bail, and such refusal is without prejudice to calling on any person bound by the bond to pay the penalty under section 491.

4.Under Section 479(1) of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, when shall a person (charged with an offence not punishable with death or life imprisonment) be released by the Court on bail during investigation, inquiry or trial?

• (A) When he has undergone detention for a period extending up to one-half of the maximum period of imprisonment specified for that offence.
• (B) When he has undergone detention for a period extending up to one-third of the maximum period of imprisonment specified for that offence.
• (C) Only after he has undergone detention equal to the full maximum period of imprisonment specified for that offence.
• (D) When he has undergone detention for a period extending up to one-fourth of the maximum period of imprisonment specified for that offence.

5.What does Section 479(2) provide where investigation, inquiry or trial in more than one offence or in multiple cases are pending against a person?

• (A) The person shall be released on bail if he has undergone detention up to one-half of the maximum sentence.
• (B) The person may be released on bond if he is a first-time offender.
• (C) The person shall not be released on bail by the Court.
• (D) The person shall be released on bail only with the consent of the Public Prosecutor.

6.Which of the following best describes the scope of the proviso beginning 'Provided further that the Court may, after hearing the Public Prosecutor and for reasons to be recorded by it in writing...' in Section 479(1)?

• (A) It permits the Court, only for first-time offenders, to continue detention beyond one-half without reasons.
• (B) It restricts the Court so that it cannot continue detention beyond one-half in any circumstance.
• (C) It allows the Court, after hearing the Public Prosecutor and recording reasons in writing, to order continued detention for longer than one-half of the period or to release the person on a bail bond instead of a bond; the proviso does not state it is limited only to first-time offenders.
• (D) It requires the Court to obtain the High Court's prior permission before ordering continued detention beyond one-half.

7.If, in a case triable by a Magistrate, the trial is not concluded within 60 days from the first date fixed for taking evidence and the accused has been in custody during the whole period, what does Section 480(6) require?

• (A) The accused must remain in custody until conclusion of trial irrespective of delay
• (B) The accused shall be released on bail only if the Public Prosecutor consents
• (C) The accused shall be released on bail to the satisfaction of the Magistrate unless the Magistrate records reasons in writing to the contrary
• (D) The accused shall be released only on execution of a bond and not on bail

8.The police state they need custody of an accused beyond the first fifteen days for identification. The accused is otherwise entitled to bail. Under Section 480(1) provisos, is this mere need for identification sufficient ground to refuse bail?

• (A) Yes; any police necessity for identification is sufficient to refuse bail
• (B) No; identification needs can never be considered when deciding bail
• (C) Yes; but only if the offence is non-cognizable
• (D) No; the mere fact that the accused may be required for identification or for police custody beyond the first fifteen days shall not be sufficient ground for refusing bail if he is otherwise entitled and gives an undertaking to comply with Court directions

9.Under Section 481 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, who is required to require the accused to execute a bond or bail bond to appear before the higher Court?

• (A) The Court trying the offence or the Appellate Court, as the case may be
• (B) Only the trial court trying the offence
• (C) Only the Appellate Court after an appeal is filed
• (D) The police or the prosecution

10.At which stage(s) does Section 481 require the accused to execute the bond?

• (A) Only after conclusion of the trial
• (B) Before conclusion of the trial and before disposal of the appeal
• (C) Only when the higher Court has issued a notice
• (D) Only after disposal of the appeal

11.Which of the following statements accurately reflects Section 481?

• (A) The bond required under Section 481 continues to remain in force until the trial concludes, regardless of time.
• (B) The bond must be executed only after the higher Court serves notice of an appeal or petition.
• (C) The bond secures the accused's appearance before the higher Court when it issues notice in respect of appeals or petitions and shall be in force for six months.
• (D) If the accused fails to appear, the bond is forfeited but no other statutory procedure is specified.

12.Under Section 482 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, what remedy may a person who has reason to believe he may be arrested for a non‑bailable offence seek?

• (A) Apply to the High Court or the Court of Session for a direction that he shall be released on bail in the event of such arrest.
• (B) Apply to a Magistrate for anticipatory bail before any arrest.
• (C) Apply directly to the Supreme Court for an immediate order of protection against arrest.
• (D) Request the police officer in charge to record an undertaking instead of arrest.

13.A person has obtained a direction under Section 482. He is thereafter arrested without warrant by the officer in charge of a police station on that accusation and, while in custody, is prepared to give bail. What must happen according to the provision?

• (A) The officer must detain him until a Magistrate decides whether to grant bail.
• (B) He shall be released on bail.
• (C) He must be produced before a Magistrate within 24 hours and cannot be bailed by police.
• (D) The police must immediately send him to the High Court for confirmation of bail.

14.Which statement correctly states the exception to Section 482 provided in sub‑section (4)?

• (A) Section 482 applies only to offences under section 65 and sub‑section (2) of section 70 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.
• (B) Section 482 is wholly inapplicable to any case involving arrest on accusation of offences under section 65 and sub‑section (2) of section 70 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.
• (C) Section 482 applies to all offences including those under section 65 and section 70(2) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, but with stricter conditions.
• (D) Section 482 applies to arrests under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita only if authorised by the police.

15.Before granting bail to a person accused of an offence triable exclusively by the Court of Session or punishable with imprisonment for life, the High Court or Court of Session must normally do which of the following?

• (A) Obtain the consent of the informant
• (B) Hold a full trial on merits
• (C) Give notice of the application for bail to the Public Prosecutor
• (D) Appoint a probation officer

16.For an offence triable under section 65 or sub-section (2) of section 70 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, by when must the High Court or Court of Session give notice of the bail application to the Public Prosecutor under Section 483(1) proviso further?

• (A) Immediately upon filing the application
• (B) Within 7 days from the date of filing the application
• (C) Within 30 days from the date of the application
• (D) Within fifteen days from the date of receipt of the notice of such application

17.According to Section 484(1) of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, how must the amount of every bond executed under this Chapter be fixed?

• (A) With due regard to the circumstances of the case and not be excessive
• (B) By a fixed schedule applicable to all cases
• (C) According to the accused person's income only
• (D) At the discretion of the investigating police officer

18.Can a police officer or Magistrate themselves reduce the bail amount they have required under Section 484?

• (A) Yes, they can unilaterally reduce it whenever they choose
• (B) Only the Supreme Court can reduce bail required by them
• (C) No; only the High Court or the Court of Session may direct a reduction
• (D) Yes, but only with written approval from the District Judge

19.Does Section 484(2) empower the High Court or Court of Session to reduce bail required by authorities other than a police officer or a Magistrate (for example, by a tribunal)?

• (A) No; the provision specifically refers only to bail required by a police officer or Magistrate
• (B) Yes; it applies to any authority that can require bail
• (C) Yes; but only when the person is in custody of a tribunal
• (D) No; only the Supreme Court can reduce bail imposed by other authorities

20.If a condition is imposed for the release of a person on bail, what must the bond or bail bond contain according to Section 485(2)?

• (A) Only the amount of the bond
• (B) That condition
• (C) Names of witnesses to the condition
• (D) A separate written order instead of the bond

21.Under Section 485(4), how may a Court determine whether sureties are fit or sufficient?

• (A) The Court may accept affidavits in proof of the facts or, if necessary, hold an inquiry itself or cause a subordinate Magistrate to inquire
• (B) The Court must accept affidavits only and may not hold any inquiry
• (C) The Court is obliged to hold an inquiry itself and cannot delegate it
• (D) A subordinate Magistrate must always conduct the inquiry without Court involvement

22.Does a bond or bail bond always bind the person released to appear when called upon at the High Court or Court of Session under Section 485(3)?

• (A) Yes, it always binds the person to appear at those Courts
• (B) Only if the police officer expressly directs so in writing
• (C) Only if the bond itself specifically names the High Court or Court of Session
• (D) No, it binds to appear at those Courts only if the case so requires

23.What specific information must the surety declare under Section 486?

• (A) The amount of bail furnished and the accused's address
• (B) The number of persons to whom he has stood surety, including the accused, with all relevant particulars
• (C) Only the names of the accused for whom he has stood surety
• (D) Only his relationship to the accused

24.Which of the following best describes the scope of particulars the surety must provide under Section 486?

• (A) Only the numerical count of persons for whom he has stood surety
• (B) Only the names of the accused for whom he is surety
• (C) Only the addresses of those for whom he is surety
• (D) All relevant particulars regarding the number of persons to whom he has stood surety, including the accused

25.According to Section 487(1), what event immediately triggers the release of a person for whose appearance a bond has been executed?

• (A) The bond or bail bond being executed
• (B) A separate written order by the officer in charge of the jail
• (C) Completion of the trial
• (D) An express acquittal by the court

26.A person executes a bail bond for offence X but is also liable to be detained on a separate, unrelated matter Y. Under Section 487(2), what follows regarding release?

• (A) Section 487(2) requires immediate release regardless of other liabilities.
• (B) The person must be released only after the separate matter Y is resolved.
• (C) Nothing in Section 487 (or sections 478 or 480) shall be deemed to require release of a person liable to be detained for some other matter, so release is not required.
• (D) The officer in charge must release the person for offence X but may separately detain him for matter Y without any legal basis.

27.The proviso in Section 487(2) mentions sections 478 and 480. What is the correct legal effect of that proviso as written?

• (A) It makes Sections 487, 478 and 480 together mandate release in every case where a bond is executed.
• (B) It clarifies that none of Sections 487, 478 or 480 shall be taken to require release of a person who is liable to be detained for some matter other than that in respect of which the bond was executed.
• (C) It creates a new statutory power to detain a person on unrelated matters even after bond execution.
• (D) It automatically voids any other detention orders once a bond or bail bond is executed.

28.According to Section 488, what may the Court do if the person released on bail fails to find sufficient sureties after being ordered to do so?

• (A) Impose a monetary fine on the accused
• (B) Commit him to jail
• (C) Immediately re-release him on the same bail without changes
• (D) Refer the matter to another court before taking action

29.Can the Court commit a person to jail under Section 488 without first ordering him to find sufficient sureties?

• (A) Yes, the Court can commit immediately without any prior order to find sureties
• (B) The Court must first refer the matter to the prosecution before committing
• (C) The Court can only impose a fine instead of committing
• (D) No; the Court may order him to find sufficient sureties and, on his failing so to do, may commit him to jail

30.Who may at any time apply to a Magistrate to discharge a bail bond under Section 489(1)?

• (A) All or any sureties for the attendance and appearance of a person released on bail
• (B) The accused/person released on bail
• (C) The Public Prosecutor
• (D) The victim or complainant

31.Can the Magistrate discharge the bond before the person released on bail is brought before him or voluntarily surrenders?

• (A) Yes — the Magistrate must discharge the bond immediately on the sureties' application
• (B) Yes — but only if the sureties provide written consent from the accused
• (C) No — the bond can be discharged only on the appearance of the person pursuant to the warrant or on his voluntary surrender
• (D) No — discharge requires confirmation from the Sessions Judge

32.After directing the bond to be discharged, the Magistrate calls upon the person to find other sufficient sureties and the person fails. Which is correct under Section 489(3)?

• (A) The Magistrate must commit the person to jail
• (B) The Magistrate must release the person unconditionally
• (C) The Magistrate must impose a fine on the person
• (D) The Magistrate may commit the person to jail

33.Under Section 490 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, what may a Court or officer permit in lieu of executing a bond or bail bond?

• (A) Deposit a sum of money or Government promissory notes
• (B) Deposit personal property or jewellery
• (C) Execute a bond for good behaviour instead
• (D) Pay a fine to the Court

34.If a person is required to give a bond for good behaviour, can the Court or officer permit that person to deposit money or Government promissory notes instead under Section 490?

• (A) Yes, always
• (B) Yes, but only with higher court approval
• (C) No, the exception excludes bonds for good behaviour
• (D) Yes, but only if the amount is fixed by statute

35.Does Section 490 make deposit in lieu of executing a bond or bail bond mandatory whenever a bond is required?

• (A) Yes, the Court must allow deposit instead of a bond
• (B) No, permitting a deposit is discretionary for the Court or officer
• (C) Yes, but only for bail bonds not other bonds
• (D) No, deposits are permitted only for bonds for good behaviour

36.If a surety to a bond dies before the bond is forfeited, what is the legal effect on his estate under this section?

• (A) The estate is discharged from all liability in respect of the bond
• (B) The estate remains liable until the bond is forfeited
• (C) The estate is liable but may obtain relief by applying to the Court
• (D) Liability passes to the surety's heirs who remain bound

37.If a penalty on a forfeited bond is not paid and cannot be recovered as if it were a fine, what is the statutory maximum period of imprisonment that may be ordered against the surety in civil jail?

• (A) Three months
• (B) One year
• (C) Sixteen days
• (D) Six months

38.If a bond or bail bond under this Sanhita is forfeited for breach of a condition, what is the immediate effect on the bonds?

• (A) Both the bond executed by the person and any bond executed by his sureties shall stand cancelled.
• (B) Only the sureties' bonds shall stand cancelled; the person's bond remains effective.
• (C) Only the person's bond shall stand cancelled; sureties' bonds remain effective.
• (D) No bonds are cancelled; forfeiture only creates a monetary liability.

39.What is the effect of the opening phrase 'Without prejudice to the provisions of section 491' in this section?

• (A) It means this section overrides and replaces section 491.
• (B) It means this section applies only when section 491 does not apply.
• (C) It means this section does not affect or limit the provisions of section 491 and both remain applicable.
• (D) It means section 491 is suspended while this section operates.

40.Does the proviso permit release upon the execution of a fresh personal bond without any sureties after cancellation and forfeiture?

• (A) Yes — a fresh personal bond alone is sufficient under the proviso.
• (B) No — the proviso requires a fresh personal bond and a bond by one or more sureties as the officer or Court thinks sufficient.
• (C) Yes — but only if the police officer personally approves in writing.
• (D) Only if section 491 is invoked to waive the surety requirement.

41.Who may order the person from whom security was demanded to furnish fresh security under Section 493?

• (A) Any magistrate.
• (B) The court by whose order the bond was taken, or a Magistrate of the first class.
• (C) Only the High Court.
• (D) The police officer who originally took the bond.

42.If the person from whom security was demanded fails to furnish fresh security as ordered under Section 493, the Court or Magistrate may:

• (A) Proceed as if there had been a default in complying with the original order.
• (B) Automatically forfeit all other bonds under section 491.
• (C) Immediately release the accused on personal recognizance.
• (D) Refer the matter to a civil court for recovery of the amount.

43.Is a Magistrate of the second class empowered under Section 493 to order fresh security when a surety dies or bond is forfeited?

• (A) Yes, if authorised by the court by whose order the bond was taken.
• (B) No; only a Magistrate of the first class or the court by whose order the bond was taken may do so.
• (C) Yes; any magistrate has the power when a bond is forfeited under section 491.
• (D) No; only High Courts can make such an order.

44.Who is empowered under the provision to accept the bond executed by a surety when the person required to execute the bond is a child?

• (A) Only a Court
• (B) Only an officer
• (C) Such Court or officer
• (D) Neither Court nor officer

45.Which of the following is NOT authorized by the provision when the person required to execute a bond is a child?

• (A) Accept a bond executed by a surety
• (B) Accept a bond executed by sureties
• (C) The Court may accept a surety bond in lieu of the child's bond
• (D) Require that only the child execute the bond

46.Under Section 495 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, an order made by a Magistrate under section 491 is appealable to which authority?

• (A) Sessions Judge
• (B) Court of Session
• (C) High Court
• (D) Supreme Court

47.If an order under section 491 is made by a Court of Session, to which court does Section 495 provide the appeal lies?

• (A) Sessions Judge
• (B) High Court
• (C) To the court to which an appeal lies from an order made by such Court
• (D) Magistrate

48.May an appeal from an order under section 491 made by a Court of Session be brought directly to the Supreme Court under Section 495?

• (A) No; such an appeal lies to the court to which an appeal lies from the Court of Session
• (B) Yes, directly to the Supreme Court
• (C) Yes, but only to the High Court
• (D) No; such appeals must go to the Sessions Judge

49.What specifically may be levied when the High Court or Court of Session gives a direction under Section 496?

• (A) A fine imposed by the Magistrate
• (B) Court costs for the proceeding
• (C) The amount due on a bond for appearance or attendance at such High Court or Court of Session
• (D) An amount due on any civil contract

50.Can the levy under Section 496 be directed in respect of a bond for appearance at a different court (not the High Court or Court of Session giving the direction)?

• (A) Yes, if the Magistrate consents to enforce it
• (B) Yes, but only with separate approval by the Court of Session
• (C) Yes, if the bond explicitly names multiple courts
• (D) No; the provision applies to a bond for appearance or attendance at such High Court or Court of Session