Types of bills in Parliament
Not every bill is passed the same way. The category decides the majority needed, the Rajya Sabha's power, and the President's options.
| Bill | Where it starts | Rajya Sabha's power | Majority / President |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ordinary bill | Either House | Equal — can amend or reject | Simple majority; President may assent, withhold, or return |
| Money bill (Art. 110) | Lok Sabha only, on President's recommendation | Only recommends; Lok Sabha may ignore, must return in 14 days | Simple majority; President cannot return it |
| Financial bill | Lok Sabha (for Art. 117(1)) | Varies by sub-type | Simple majority; President's recommendation to introduce |
| Constitutional Amendment (Art. 368) | Either House | Equal — no joint sitting | Special majority (+ half the states for federal provisions) |
Exam tip: The Speaker's certificate on whether a bill is a Money Bill is final.
Read the provisions