Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
Section 291
Negligent conduct with respect to animal
Whoever knowingly or negligently omits to take such measures with any animal in his possession as is sufficient to guard against any probable danger to human life, or any probable danger of grievous hurt from such animal, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to six months, or with fine which may extend to five thousand rupees, or with both.
Why this exists
This provision holds owners of dangerous or unpredictable animals — guard dogs, bulls, elephants used commercially, and so on — responsible for keeping them properly restrained. It is a public-safety measure aimed at negligence, not at animal ownership itself.
Common misconceptions
- Myth: This law only applies to wild or dangerous animals like tigers or bulls.
Fact: It applies to any animal in a person's possession, including pet dogs, if the owner negligently fails to guard against danger to life or serious injury.